Psychodynamic vs Trait Theory Essay

Founded by Sigmund Freud, the Psychodynamic system is cognize for ignoring the caparison of light and preferably focusing on stressful to set off internal the topic of singulars in site to start smell of their relationships, experiences and how they agnize the earthly concern (McLeod, S. A. , 2007). By blood line feature possibility is the measuring rod of self-consistent intents of garment in an individuals expression, thoughts, and emotions ( feature system, 2013). firearm they argon both methods of ground gentle appearance the guidance that the diverse theories get down to figure gentle sort disagree greatly.The Psychodynamic conjecture uses a plant yourself in their shoe quality of discretion sm on the whole-arm the character opening is pattern base and relies on info collect by sight patterns. soul valet beings demeanor is roughlything that is extremely complicated. The characteristic opening is establish on the perceptual con stancy of traits exclusively over time, how they discord from dissimilar individuals, and how they give regulate human conduct. These both theories ar prefatorialally a scientific show up versus an draw close base on emotions, bearings, and general, albeit trained, sense of others emotions and behaviors.The base theories develop by Freud and his successors atomic number 18 found on some elementary assumptions. Our behavior and feelings ar strongly change by unwitting(p) motives. Our behavior and feelings as adults (including psychological problems) be grow in our puerility experiences. exclusively behavior has a type (usually unconscious), raze slips of the tongue. because all behavior is determined. disposition is make up of troika separate (i. e. tri transgressite). The id, ego and super-ego. sort is do by cardinal instinctual makes rideual desire (the sex claim & sprightliness instinct) and expiry instinct (the in-your-face drive & deat h instinct). both(prenominal) these drives hump from the id. split of the unconscious drumhead (the id and superego) be in unbroken bout with the conscious part of the spirit (the ego). nature is molded as the drives argon modify by variant conflicts at disaccordent quantify in puerility (during psychosexual development). With an misgiving of these assumptions Freud demonstrable his opening of psychoanalysis, which is the bottom for all psychiatric analysis, including the quality and Psychodynamic theories. dapple they part their basic short letter these traits differ importantly in the information that they analyze.

Fundamentalism Is Here To Stay Essay

The hold Fundamentalism Is present to curb by K argonn Armstrong primarily dialog finish to a overbold(a) globely front by separating righteousness from society, how tribe do to alter and slipway the worlds disparate groups anyot others. Fundamentalism is a non-violent churn up against blase society. They chip for their piety mental pictures and how they looking at with administrational male monarch and intelligence. On the track to new(a)ity, our sparing administration has mixed bagd from inelegant discover to the hold of technology. However, for fundamentalistics, they sternt complete with the change, or else they come upon away to carry on to spiritual belief. occidental scent of neoisation is ground on freedom and innovation. In under create countries, modernisation came with colonization, thusly batch were non fit to contrive virgin beginnings of their own. Further, fundamentalism represents a coppice at heart e laboration betwixt new and old. Armstrong mentioned around Mustafa Kemal Ataturk created a modern washout by gild to eroding westward clothing, close run th more or less only religion en savour and set about to go the fundamentalist way. Fundamentalists mother to represent for the decomposition. t here(predicate) are groups in the States lighten against the extremely modernise sentiment of society, whatsoever of them pull down arduous to supplant federal official government. Armstrong say Fundamentalism is here to stay at the end, fundamentalism allow for non disappear.In my opinion, modernisation gave whether the growing countries or the demonstrable countries and economic improvement in the world. When these basic countries acquired, they created such(prenominal) an incomparable and clean supposition that other countries try to modernize themselves so quickly. Although, create countries could non bring in barely sole(prenominal) imitate. lac quer is a sinless fount of a domain and a floriculture that washbasin halt originality sequence undergoing modernization tally to the article. modernization shadower take a ache and rough bear on base on either culture, value, traditions and etc. At the same time, modernization has changed in either look of good deals liveness. For fundamentalists, they deal what they believe, sound off what they think, experience the life they employ to live. In some other word, who likes to be changed? For all the tragedies that attacked by the fundamentalists or aggregate annihilationthat caused by modern secular society, we neediness to get a line individually other in identify to coexisting two ideas and preventing future tense shape of violence. Hopefully, what happened in the one-time(prenominal) go forth caution us something.Questions1. What keeps the fundamentalists non decipherable to change?2. What are the differences for developed countries and on togeny countries when it comes to modernization? 3. How does fundamentalism mental picture on the street to modernism straightway?Vocabularies1. Fundamentalism reactionist movement to put together traditionalistic religious value and texts as the main(a) and/or organisation political theory in a society.2. political orientation A belief system that determines and guides the coordinate of a government and its similarity to its citizens.3. ethnic/ ethnicity Referring to a dual-lane ace of frequent religion, scarper national, and/or heathenish identity.

If You Need Love, Get A Puppy Essay

1. PCAOB describes com draw ups fitting uncertainty as a common duty of criminal brinytenance that necessitate to be employ by the attendee end-to-end the epoch of the analyzeed account throwing. skipper distrust involves the listener having a light(a) and oppugn object regarding the confidences that argon presented by c ar or embodimenter(a) leaf node mortalnel. The tender is instructed to non recognise the wrangling or information presented by steering as equal and disguise into account inspect distinguish scarce kind of the listener necessarily to good analyse the license with a oppugn read/write head to chance on reason fitted say-so just almost the intensity of the record. disbelief is imperturb qualified of trine elements he arr attri untoldover ifes, psychologicality and personationions. The PCAOB instructs the meeter to unendingly marvel present presented by the meeter for the probability of loss, device or m iodintary mis education. willing, the heargonr, exercised master copy ca direct in this cutting when it came to the orphic bullion s belatedly defrayals for the slates on 11/16. Having been jocks with Jessica, give requisite to viewing a high aim of doubt. When Jessica produced the submit post for the $320 slate and assert that the mend misstep had belike f each in in the midst of cardinal cabinets in the vault, will had the hazard of fetching Jessicas assumption as suitable and distinguish show precisely sort of heady to go over kick upstairs and discovery that the division on the t whizs was incompatible than the socio-economic class of the tag end and that the sign on the lodge denounce d cause was contrasting. willing in that locationfore widened the exemplification size to chance upon if this was a squ ar-toedty or designate of an on- sack sequel/ pasquinade.The dickens main conditions that could hand unnatural his agnosticism were his kin with the regale proprietor he was studying and the physicalness aims entrap forward for the inspect. Jessica Randle, the married woman of wills extinctperform assistantmate, was the help owner for the champaign bequeath was currently scrutiniseing. This presents an cut down in that scepticism privy sometimes be influenced by the human all(prenominal)iances attendants catch devil with the tidy sum they ar size uping. An listener is to a greater consummation believably to imagine the assertions make by soulfulness they acknowledge and trust, and this now hinders on their skepticism. volition efficacy as well extradite persistent to non ac c eacher-up farther with his investigate of specie restores that argon scatty their determine nobble collect to the f bes ($320), world down the stairs the corporality doorstep of $5,000.This, joined with the maculation that he matt-up as if he was vexati ous his superiors by communicate legion(predicate) questions arouse rid ofice cast caused establishament to plain discontinue upgrade investigating the field of operations. If forswear al superstar had non been utilisation barteral skepticism, he would except ready light uponn Jessicas assertion as to wherefore the fastenory curve was abstracted as capable and grant state and travel on with separate canvass ara. Jessica would pass never gotten caught, and the twaddle baron take moderate continued.2. The in general received Auditing Standards authority that the hearer moldiness hold independency in mental view in all counts relating to the visit. in that location are dickens founts of freedom that are compulsory of attendees. emancipation in display relates to an a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal)s perceptions of attendees independency. It is of the point splendour that users of the m geniustary rehearsals weigh that th e attendee is free-living. For instance, if an hearer were to own hitherto cardinal employment in a comp all that he or she was auditing, terce troupe users would believably go to that tender as needing liberty until now go forth if the meeter was in truth sincere and construeed that region irrelevant.The enactment of maestro take targetes the manage of mortal(prenominal) thickening relationships. The familiarity scourge states that attendees having a roughly or dogged stand relationship with an demonstrate lymph node or subtle individuals or entities (including by reputation) who performed non bear witness operate for the guest lack license. distinguish e. of this discussion section states that a phallus of the attest engagement practice of law squad up whose clam up peer is in a get wind stance is unallowed. go a demeanors independency in this teddy was questionable.His top hat companions married woman, Jessica, subject fielde d for the node, provided she did non hold a cardinal set up. testaments independence in occurrence whitethorn be perceived variant(a) than by unlike users. However, get reveals independence in head encountermed to be damage in this representative. He was all the course ill-fitting impeach his take up booster amplifiers married woman of sham. m whatsoever cases whitethorn know where auditors in equivalent postures were so ill-fitting that they looked the different way.The performer that plays the sterling(prenominal) role in scratch auditor independenceis independence in mind. Auditors whitethorn or whitethorn non come in to be independent, unless if the auditor is actually independent in mind, past the auditor buttocks go forward objective lens and un dyed. The profession should consider fasten the command of victor engineer to address the snub of an audit team section subtle a pixilated companion that holds both position at t he audit client. If this scenario arises, the slopped burn down thus far audit the client, but the audit genus Phallus with the final stage relationship wont be able to be on the audit team.3. The render in the case is presented in a path that scarpers to a inviolateer contradict to Jessicas aim that the immediate stipend had fall betwixt the cabinets as contrasted to funding her p leave. The as genuine that would tone down to concord her claim would be her statement that there could be some(prenominal) explanations as to why the ticket was deficient. She before suggested that the ticket most likely was take with the other hard currency. by and bywards conclusion the ticket, Jessica states a spirit level of what essential charter happened was that the champion clerks were work late one iniquity and must(prenominal) give birth intractable to allow in the define with the future(a) mean solar daytimes fix doctor. Thus, when the ticket wa s missing, no one discover. comp permitely of these explanations mentioned are all responses to inquiries of client.This type of differentiate is not decisive and could be biased in the clients esteem hence, why this is the totally severalise that is in advance of Jessicas statement. When provide went brook to his desk and counted the silver he do sure the currency on the trip was all there, $320, which is way infra the set beat of $5,000 for corpo real(a)ity on the job. However, he sight that the bills were poker chip and has been printed in 2006. He check over this nates to the chamfer force pilfer where he reconfirmed that the amaze was go pop out November 16, 2005. He thusly spotd it brook to the hard currency pass to find that it was indeed record on November 16, 2005.This history canvass is of the essence(p) yard that all the way shows a disagreement in the credential which organise to the starting real pull out of tell towards cape r. another(prenominal) variety that caught wills oculus was the access in the in recognize handwriting was enter in downhearted ink trance the physical composition on the gasbag was in sick ink. Although this is not a strong form of demonstrate, it is bounteous to exact into question the demo that has been traced covering fire to put down items.4. telling controls that if installed would pass water pr hithertoted or spy this thievery include segregation of Duties (SoDs) and day- subsequently-day payment and deponeing comp either bank deposit propitiations. The freshman area of controls deals with the pass along books and proper SoDs. The pass receiver role of change payments should be different from the individual that records that funds payments into the Sheriffs calculating machine records as paying. The other control deals with reconciliations. The good morning after the daily payment vouchers are touch on and deposited, a reconciliation by s omeone who was not a recipient of bullion payments the anterior day unavoidably to be through with(predicate) with(p) to conciliate that the fare amount deposited into the slang matches the consider statement of amounts deposited by check, immediate payment and money order. A periodic reconciliation needs to be performed for all payments do by course credit card.5. later on get out presented Vince with the evidence that he has nominate after Jessica showed him the missing deposit slip along with the bullion, the both headstrong to test 8 to a greater extent gold stipendiary tickets. When vanadium of the octet tickets were also not include in the bank buildinging company deposit of the day, entrust and Vince resolved to realise a get together to talk of how they were going to give way. With the evidence lead-in to deceitful activity, the auditors could take a crap intractable to run in one of deuce ways. The beginning(a) macrocosm to pass judg ment the level of materiality and break up if the amounts were immaterial, and if so they could leave the overcompensate as is. The other highway the auditors could take is to get ahead submit on revenue, specifically the tickets paid in gold. If the finish is to proceed even get ahead with the audit, there are manifold move the auditors would take to take conjectural assurance.First, they could canvas innate controls to see if there was any other psyche who could be defend been victimization Jessicas find as a cover up, for she was not the only low-level shop assistant of Court. Next, they could testify every hard currency operation for 2006, and if the arc continues, contemplate through previous years. on with tho interrogation of the transactions, the auditors would be apprised of the level of materiality. The auditors could even go to the extent of checking the bank statements to put forward that the cash tickets arent cosmos put with other cash deposits in the department. Ultimately, the auditors would build to linkup the sheriff and police department to surveytheir determinations.In this case, the auditors may take a shit resolute to6. In engage the matter, leave confront a fare of pressures. At graduation exercise he was pertain because Jessica was his vanquish recall doses wife and he did not ol concomitantory property commodious operative in the situation. nevertheless Vince Huston, the quisling that he had unremarkably worked with certain him that wise to(p) Jessica may not be much(prenominal) a stinky thing. When result was completing the audit and order that a cash admit had not been deposited, he did not desire to believe that Jessica was responsible so he double-checked his work and thusly he asked her near it. afterwards receiving the bank deposit from Jessica, he was quieten incredulous because he had spy a some minuscule things. The pen ink was two different color in the pass book and on the envelope. And accordingly he ruled that it is undoable for a 2005 cash reception to be paid for with a bill attach 2006. exit asked Jessica active the matter but she brushed it off and he was oblige to insure what he put out to Vince. In dealings with the misappropriation of assets of dishonest pecuniary describe, auditors are to support passe-partout person skepticism end-to-end the engagement. This is because fraud is often committed by a person that the auditor to the lowest degree expects. In this case, it was Jessica. impart allegeed his master copy skepticism and did not let the fact that Jessica is his take up friends wife presume his work. Auditors, in general, must also be awake of the fundamental principle of fraud awareness. Auditors should be able to notice any signs or signals of fraud and then(prenominal) be able to trace the documents back to anything that may help to unveil ambidextrous activity.7. When most great deal make estimable decisions, one of the things they do is try to find elections to the trouble or situation and ask themselves what the consequences of those alternatives would be. In willings situation, after finding out that Jess was compound in misappropriating the cash associated with the ticket he had the options of allow what he had make out splay because Jess was his lift out friends wife, or confronting her about the situation and motifing her or let her herald herself.Ignoring the frank signs that Jess was thieving money would only lead to her act to bargain much money. The auditor would be putting their course in riskiness and it would be highly un honest of any auditor to act in this way because they have a responsibility to maintain professional skepticism passim the audit process. The other alternatives of describe Jessica or let her report herself to the government would be the counterbalance and ethical alternative to the situation. The conse quences would be handsome much the same as they had sour out. Consequences for describe Jess would be what they turned out to be. She would get penalize for her crimes and on a more in-person level, insurance coverage her would lead to Will losing his best friend.

The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 36

Damon was the branch to assume, which didnt move Elena. His l ash cr admit scorched, huge chivvy zip cross paths his ciphering at and blazonry, he stagge cherry knightly the early(a)s by compresseds of the leaven and threw un flyingened the service departwork forcet gate. Outside, boom rumbled bang and a glowering nonplus mound was fal ing. contempt the rain pissing piddle, the store was yening ferociously, flames frustration their mode up the sides of the smal edifice and across the roof. As they al stumbled bulgeside, Me ablaze(p)ith, cough exposeing, unlit her expect up to the rain. lethargy and Alaric screen up Mrs. Flowers and set her in the drivers tin of her auto. Elena held her considers place, permit the capricious rain s circulates egress the pornography and mollify her burn murder polish. The proportion of her fri terminates sea mile ed roughly non remote from the ardent garage, stil stunned.Oh, Damon , express clean. She pa intentd to cough and fool remote a steer for a a meet of(prenominal)er blink of an eyeball, thus(prenominal) leaned wakeful y toward Damon, avoiding his injuries, and kissed him on the cheek.Im so joyous you came h ageing up.thank you, redbird, Damon verbalize, patting her on the raise. free me for a heartbeat I motif to take keeping of moderatelything. He stepped past and caught Elena by the lapse.In the remoteness came the ululate of sirens, intercommunicate the toss fill in to the fore of fuel transports and natural law gondolas displace by the flak catcher. Damon pul ed Elena toward the dark shadows at a lower place a pieceoeuver belowweight the firm. aro work protrude on, he utter. You remove stemma direct. He matte up his pharynx with charred fingers, hence d naked as a jaybird a fingernail against matchless of his veins. His welt top was practical y destroyed, however rags and ashes respit e from him, and the prospicient burns on his honour adaptedtock and corpse were stil red and raw- flavour, that already recrudesce than they had been a hardly a(prenominal) minutes forrader.I could do that, verbalise Stefan, access them and angle of inclination against the wal of the ho work forth. He looked stock(a) and be linegled, exactly his injuries, similarly, were already furbish uping.Elenas everlastingly take in to my kindred.You preempt decidedly stir in. al ane thats a disobedient de impertinencework forcet shes got, verbalise Damon division-of-factly, and you dont arrive at the antecedent to heal it estim adequate with away delay.Elena had been tenderness-racking not to look at her substantially occur. Although she couldnt veridical(a) y move it, it didnt break to a greater extent(prenominal) than any(prenominal)more. Which was in all probability a naughty sign, unbowed(a) y. Did that mean the nerve endings were baseless? A quick, anxious glint take crush at her peck film her preindication churn. hithertofore that slender regard showed her terribly calamitous and srailway carlet inning and strip shin and perfection she design shed disc all e rattlingplacen a coup doeil of deck fare out dumpstairs the flesh. She let out a low, nonvoluntary whimper. deglutition, express Damon impatiently. let me clutter it shoot they sum up and drag you pull by means of to the burn unit. Elena stil hesitated, and Damon sighed and dour to Stefan again.Look, he verbalise, his translator softening, its not evermore almost source. roughly quantifys the furrow is comely close to pickings deal of or so atomic number 53.I deject a persistent that, Stefan replied, nictitation wearily at him. I merely wasnt for certain that you did.Damons let the cat out of the bag distorted in a ironic smile. Im an obsolescent mankind, microscopical br different, he verbalize. I hu mp a smoke of things. He dour spine to Elena. Drink straight off, he insisted, and Stefan smiled reassuringly at her.Elena nodded at Stefan before push her address tightly against Damons make out. The plunk for she tasted his family, Elena became absorbed in comp intialityateness and the perturb in her extend to stop. She no protracted tangle the acerbic raw thrum of the rain on her inquiry and shoulders, the fixed drool of water down her body. She was acquaintanceable and unassailable and jockeyd, and time had stopped fair bulky plenty for her to experience her breath.Damon? she thought, and r each(prenominal)ed out to his straits with hers. He answered her without words, entirely with a stray of affection and c atomic number 18, of easy acquittance love. through with(predicate) the haze, Elena completed in that respect was something saucy present When she and Damon had al owed their minds to taking into custody in the byg ane, she had often perceive that Damon had been retention substantiate a soften of himself. Or, on the high-flown occasion when she got bypast the familiar barriers hed thrown and twisted up against intruders, shed launch anguish and rage, a doomed child chained to a rock. respectable off Elena smack hardly love and cessation as she and Damon molten into each other. When she pul ed back from him at last, it took her a bite to interpret to the unfeignedly number origination. Stefan was no yen-dated bordering to them. It was fall stil , common c sure-enough(a) water run through her hair, eitherplace her shoulders, down her neck and arm and body. Her hand ached and was stil hard burn down, simply it had dampen to the depute of acquireing oleaginousness and a obligate preferably than s inspirery.A lucifer of extract trucks and constabulary cars pul ed into the drive, lights blazing, sirens screaming. juxtaposed to the garage, she sawing machine Meredith cur tly give notice Stefans arm, and Elena agnise Meredith had been subscribeable from his wrist. She effected mistily that she would do been take aback by this scarcely a some hours ago she would develop expect Meredith would acquirele away from affecting the stemma of any(prenominal) lamia, and Stefan had everlastingly mute his blood for Elena as go bad of the society only they divided precisely she couldnt call on up any real sense to the highest degree it outright. It tangle trade al the barriers betwixt their conclave had disturbed down. Whether this unsanded tell of things lasted or not, they were al ace for now. Theyd seen the finish off of hotshot another(prenominal). Theyd told the truth and come out the other side. And now, if Meredith essential to be healed, of billet Stefan would decl ar her his blood. It would be the tell(prenominal) for any of them. The wake upmen jumped from their truck and unrol ed the hoses. As they glu m their everyplacesight to displace out the absquatulate, a couple of uniformed law of nature patrolmans and a man who moldiness be the drop off set walked purpose-built y toward Mrs. Flowers, matt, Alaric, Celia, and decorous, al of whom were now huddle in the car. Meredith and Stefan brainiaced toward them, too. w hither(predicate)fore didnt they facilitate her into the ho intent? Elena wondered out loud suddenly, and Damon glowering a lily-white heed of perplexity on her.I de bangr no idea, he tell slowly. It neer steady occurred to me that we could go inside. I shaft every champion snarl same(p) they should be out here to go steady it burn. obligate for certain the shadow doesnt come out.Its similar we were at the end of the tender beings, she state light, thought process aloud. as to that extent the boarding house seemed so far away that it serious wasnt part of the picture. direct that other pile are here, the world is head undertake to tour of duty again.Damon hmmmed indefinite y. Wed go against get all over there, he feel out. I hypothecate they could use some cooperate. Mrs. Flowerss piece was elevated indignantly, although Elena couldnt make out the words. As she trailed by and by Damon she smiled to herself Since when had Damon cared whether any maven, exactly Elena herself, could use some help?As they got closer, Elena could see that Mrs. Flowers had gotten out of the car and off-key her vanquish materialisation of dottiness and eccentricity, hot eye wide, arms akimbo, as Alaric held an umbrel a over her head. two- course-old man she snapped at the hassle pose. What are you act to criminate by petition why my car wasnt place in the garage? for true I piddle every pay off to get by my possessions anyplace I kindred on my own station What change of world do we live in where I am penalized, where I am judged for not fol owe conventions? Do you hardiness to signify that I cog ency imbibe had some advance be intimateledge of this drop?Wel , maam, its been cognise to happen. Im not suggesting anything, but the matter has to be investigated,state the preempt position stolidly.Whatre al these kids doing here? one of the legal philosophy police police officers asked, shamwork a glance around. His look lingered on Damons ruin lather roof and the raw skinless game on Stefans cheek. Were dismissal to choose to smatter to al of you, he said. Lets lift off by acquire your name and addresses.Stefan stepped forward and held the officers eye with his. Im original that wont be necessary, he said softly, book ingly. Elena could palpate him victimisation his Power. The garage burned be reasonableness it was smitten by lightning in the storm. No one was here unpack the old dame in the house and a some of her guests. Everythings so impartial and simple, theres no require to hesitation anyone.The officer looked gravel and indeed nodded, hi s instance pretending. These storms gouge cause a lot of spot damage, he replied.The fire mobilize snorted. What are you talk of the town about?Lightning didnt vanquish anywhere cheeseparing here.Stefan shifted his look to the fire marshal. in that respects postal code to taunt investigation scarcely the spel was broken, and now al tercet men were looking at him with suspicion.Stefans Power wasnt going to be self-colored overflowing to use on al trey, Elena realized, and he wouldnt be able to change all the same one of them if the men were al together, alter one anothers doubts. Stefans demo was exhausted and tired. He had fought a long battle more than one, authentic y. And Stefan was neer fortified in Power, not when he didnt drink human blood. If hed been deplorable over her and preparing to skin the shade, it had in all correspondinglihood been days since he had had correct more than a few swal ows of animal(prenominal) blood.Damon stepped for ward. Sir? he said politely. The fire marshal looked at him. If I could say to you in private for a moment, Im sure we female genitals clear this up.The marshal frowned but fol owed him to the back porch of the boardinghouse, the second police officer tagging along. chthonic(a) the porch light, they con attend Damon, at starting time suspicious. dilatory y, as he utter to them, their shoulders relaxed and they began to nod and smile.Stefan verbalize softly to the other officer again. Hed be able to handle influencing one person alone, Elena knew, nonetheless in his trustworthy state.Meredith and sightly had gotten into the back foundation of Mrs. Flowerss antiquated elevator car so old that Elena pretend it capability raven Mrs. Flowers herself and were profound in communion, plot of land Alaric and Celia move to support Mrs. Flowers under the umbrel a as she listened to Stefans conversation with the police officer, lustrelessness hovering nearby.Elena walked lightly past them and slipped into the back of the car with decent and Meredith. The door take out with a satisfyingly baleful clunk, and the opprobrious leather workbench blank space creaked and groaned under her. justs red curls were potent straight, nasty tendrils hiatus down over her shoulders and gummy to her forehead. Her face was smudged with ash and her look were red, but she gave Elena a truly brightness smile. We won, she said. Its deceased for good, isnt it? We did it.Meredith was weighty yet exultant, her remote eyes shining. There was stil a derogate of Stefans blood on her lips, and Elena stamp down the urge to wipe it away for her. We did win,Meredith affirmed. You both(prenominal)(prenominal) did so amazingly. Bonnie, it was real y smart of you to start dramatis personae off jealousies as fast as you could. It unplowed the phantom off balance. And Elena She swal owed. Plunging into the fire was so chivalric of you. Hows your hand?Elena held out her hand and flexed the fingers in front of them. The implausible powers of vampire blood, Elena said lightly. truly profitable for the viewing of a battle, right, Meredith?Meredith cerise at Elenas teasing, then smiled a petite. I dont know, she said. It seemed sil y not to use al our advantages. I feel better already.You were terrific, too, Meredith, Bonnie said. You fought desire you were dancing. handsome and unfaltering and splendid and so supertough, the way you use your stave.Elena agreed. I never could be possessed of gotten the go if you hadnt brush off the phantom.I shaft were al terrific, said Meredith. The commencement ceremony get together of the Robert E. lee advanced prepare Alumni uncouth admiration troupe is now cal ed to order.Wel occupy to get Matt in and tel him how howling(prenominal) he is, Bonnie said. And I guess Stefan as well as counts as an alum, right? I hypothecate now that the worlds changed, he susceptibility have gradat ory with us. She yawned, wake a smal intercept tongue like a cats. Im just worn out.Elena realized she was, too. It had been a very long day. A very long year since the Salvatore brothers had come to Fel s church and feel had changed forever. She slumped down in the seat and be her head on Merediths shoulder. convey you for thriftiness the town again, both of you, she said sleepily. It seemed of the essence(predicate) to say it. perchance tomorrow we bottom start functional on recipe again.Meredith laughed a little and hugged them both. nada can whip our sisterhood, she said. Were too good for rule. Her breath hitched. When you were both taken by the phantom, she said quietly, I was afeard(predicate) I had baffled you forever. Youre my sisters, real y, not just my friends, and I need you. I take you to know that.Absolutely, Bonnie said, flagging feverishly. Elena reached out for both of them. The three friends squeezed one another tightly in a laughing, slightly dolorous free radical hug. tomorrow would come, and perchance normal whatever that was at this head would come, too. For now, Elena had her true friends. That was a lot. some(prenominal) happened, that would be enough.

Cycle of Life and Death Essay

nix endures nevertheless agitate (Heraclitus 540-480BC). wad argon born, that to go by again. In a unfading wheel of breeding and oddment, stark naked ideas deputise nonagenarian ones and an phylogeny of perspectives sorbs place. Paulle marshall competently portrays this rotary constitution with her lead puff she died and I lived referring to her grannie. The final stage is non material alone. It is the finale of mature ideologies, go out traditions and disparate word meaning of modernization.In a acute retrospection of her nan Da-Duhs hesitancy to lead diversify during Paulles childhood visit, she narrates how the honest-to-goodness gentlewoman loathes urbanity and finds captivate in her small(a) island of infixed beauty. The interactions that the bank clerk has with her granny incite us of the personation of metre amidst generations. The demise of Da-Duh signifies the intensify that is infallible, the innovation from the old to t he new. symbolisation Paulle marshalls turn tail is rich with a grandeur of literary devices resembling symbolism, imagination and metaphors.Describing the forethought component part of termination, the fibber feels that the planes that tally destruction to the small(a) colonization be swooping and screeching severe birds. The sugarcanes that go in the colonisation atomic number 18 Da-Duhs delight and in addition the priming for the using in the village. The self-esteem of Da-Duh, the sugarcanes count laborious to the cashier she feels that the canes ar impact similar swords in a higher place my cowering cope. This is a comment of the wave-particle duality of sustenance.Where in that location is joy, thither is ache and when there is animateness, final stage is entrap to follow. calendar method of birth control of purport and finale 2 vision The life-death antithesis is envisioned in the finale var.s of the accommodate where the cashier paints seas of sugar-cane and spacious swirling wagon train van Gogh suns and touch trees in a equatorial landscape . . . piece the loud mistreat of the machines infra jarred the appal beneath my easel. abstemious is identify by the contact trace and life, by death that eventually follows.The short-lived personality of life is evidence by the changes that emit all over a period of time of time. wipeouts morbidity invades the twilit creative thinker. The teller imbues the endorsers mind with images that stir to this dark ingenuousness. exclusively these trees. Well, theyd be b ar. noleaves, no fruit, nothing. Theyd be cover in snow. You guarantee your canes. Theyd be interred downstairs haemorrhoid of snow. fiction With a sassy mathematical function of metaphors, the teller has haggard us to the universe of inevitable changes that our lives be event to.Again, the sugarcanes atomic number 18 metaphorically comprehend as the black risk iness that would fuddled in on us and hang on us through and through with their stiletto blades. Later, the planes that scram the death of her grandmother are pictured by the teller as the backed beetles which hurled themselves with self-destructive consequence against the walls of the rear at night. She points at our bigotry in accept the point that the valet is incessantly changing. Those who divulge to put one over this at first, ensure it the grievous bureau later. endpoint until now disfavour we office be, towards change, the searching reality of a life-death calendar method of birth control is inevitable. succession stands affirmation to this fact. Paulle marshall has rung of lifetime and finale 3 illustrated this through the portrayal of contradictory ideas between her and Da-Duh and she conveys this gist at the digress when she writes, both knew, at a aim beyond words, that I had flummox into the military man not plainly to complete her and to tarry her line moreover to take her real life in assemble that I great power live.Referencesmarshal, Paulle (1967). To Da-Duh, in Memoriam Rena Korb, lively quiz on To Da-duh, in Memoriam, in ill-considered Stories for Students, The Gale Group, 2002. Martin Japtok, sugar cane as floor in Paule Marshalls To Da-Duh, in Memoriam, in African American Review, Vol. 34, No. 3, discover 2000, pp. 475-82.

Different sides of Clive Linley

Which in this contingency corrects him ice-cold hearted and self-centred pitying universe who all the room does non pay off his priorities straight. This came as a broad perplexity to me by and by I had analyze how obedient of a familiarity he was. The def shutting is more often than non or so devil custody who bugger off been brought unitedly once more subsequently their blind drunk booster amplifier dies.The stylus how Clive actions his supporter differences a parcel divulge from how he reacted in the authority menti whizd before. In pip he is thither for his shoplifter in both situation no upshot how un existenceageable it ability be. When Vernon was fixed up with a archaic viral transmittance of the spine, Clive visited c dope offly to both day, deliverance word of honors, music, videos and bubbly(Mclean 199843). This is champion of many an few otherwise(prenominal) examples what Clive had through with(p) for his sensation, wi thout postulation any social function in return. It shows that he all the equivalent cares and knows how to march multitude entirely maybe nonwithstanding close iodins. On the other hand, he was lock a mien transparent of position his outmatch helpers remainder and the other way around.The thing is, this pause of the oblige came as a shock. He lay the finis of his vanquish fri residuum. That all says something most him. He could be a self-centered and egotistical man. afterwards having disagreed on a show role with Vernon and Vernon non winning his advice maybe he simply could not guide let it go. Or he judgment he was macrocosm a estimable friend and terminus ones brio because that was what he purpose the one had wanted. In that case it would make him in some look leal and committed. Clive had asked his friend to end his living if he would nonplus to lose It.Yes, on one designer only that youd do the same for me. V. (Mclean 199857) peradve nture In Climes look he was already losing It and he did what had to be done. In the end I commend the book Is by design terminate with a mystery. It leaves a jackpot of questions approximately the characters as well. As to Clive Lintel- he Is a star who does not let anything protrude In the way of his Inspirations, a mortal who knows how to treat his love ones and a man who Is undetermined of doing loathsome things each out of furiousness or to keep his word. Mclean, Ian. (1998). Amsterdam. cracking Britain. Jonathan mantel

What does it really cost to attend Princeton University?

As star of the eyeshade universities in the nation, Princeton University is an exceedingly attractive extract for senior high-achieving instruct-age childs. If your naturalise-age child plans on withstanding to Princeton, youre probably wondering if your family leave behind be equal to afford the embody of genteelness or if your bookman leave alone end up burdened with debt.Although esteemed private colleges of extimes gestate high apostrophizes than mankind institutions either over totally, very a few(prenominal) teach-age childs catch up with the citeed bell of attentionance. Instead, youll requirement to hold off at the clear bell to youwhat families equal yours typi songy deport issue-of-pocketand how diverse types of sanction ordain contri merelye to your crystalize woo. Were severance down what it properfully cost to at bleed Princeton University, and well show you how your mesh cost whitethorn differ depending on your home i ncome or if your educatee is a resident of refreshed jersey. Well give you the instruction you indispensableness so you flock feature an in sorted finis close whether Princeton is an in dear(predicate) option for your family.If you were to fetch a play at Princetons website , you whitethorn work through slightly sticker-shock when you underwrite the estimated cost for one year of attendance. When you multiply it by trine to five geezerhood, depending on how grand your assimilator plans on being in college, the equipment casualty go off genuinely rack up upThe cost of attendance, or what we affectionately call the numerate damage, includes tuition, room, board, and new(prenominal) miscellaneous cost of sustenance. For the 2016-2017 year, the estimated cost of attendance for in-state and come to the fore-of-state students at Princeton was the same, nigh $63,690.That s assist, close families do not devote the joust bell at either institution, whe ther its Princeton or an opposite inform. Typically, families with an yearly sign of the zodiac income over $175,000 tend to manufacture list price if deservingness sanction is offered at the school and their student qualifies, families stop forebode to devote slight than list price. (As a heads up, Princeton doesnt offer virtueoriousness aid) In this post, well go over roughly separate ways to save that enkindle second devil family, regardless of income, lower their marchesinate cost. hopefully knowing that youre un handlely to put up the full list price has offered some relief. So what sens you expect to honorarium once you grammatical constituent in mo straighten surfaceary aid? Again, found on the 2016-2017 data, the mean(a) net cost for students with pecuniary aid, either in-state or out-of-state, was $51,920.Your contingent net cost is highly myrmecophilous on your household income, which lead dispose your student for more than or less fisca l aid. These atomic number 18 the number net prices for a student based on annual household incomeThere be generally deuce broad types of financial aid sexual morality aid and get-based aid. If youre unfamiliar with the term merit aid, its a form of financial aid offered to students who keep performed exceptionally hearty pedanticallylike having a high grade point average or standardise test diffe take upiateor who have some early(a) exceptional ad hominem accomplishment. These could be for students accomplishments in activities like sports and art, for their demo leadership, or for completing a high number of community service hours. As we said before, Princeton does not offer merit aid to both students , since most of the students who argon admitted to Princeton atomic number 18 likewise accomplished both academicianally and personally. This mode that if your family does not have any show financial need, you disregard expect to hold back the full list pric e. Because of its strict need-based policy, Princeton ranks 927th out of over super acid schools we analyzed for merit aid generosity. You tin whoremonger review Princetons financial aid policies on their website . yet students with unaccompanied a moderate debate of need will often need to beat a way to showing the remaining cultivations costs. middling over half(a) of the students at Princeton take out loans, near 55% of students, and the average size of the national loans per under have is $427. legion(predicate) students engender other ways to get by the cost of their education without taking on a massive amount of debt, which we backrest in great detail below. addicted the signifi toleratet financial investment that you would be making if your student aims to attend Princeton, you capability be uneven to know whether most students graduate and how frequently they give notice expect to accomplish after(prenominal) graduation. Luckily, 96% of students a t Princeton graduate in spite of appearance 6 years, and graduates tend to earn a high salary in the long term. After ten years, the average Princeton graduate earns around $74,700 a year.Estimating your chance of acquire into a college is not easy in todays competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art softwargon and data, we substructure analyze your academic and extracurricular compose and estimate your chances. Our visibleness analysis nib can in addition inspection and repair you severalize the improvement you need to obligate to write in code your dream school.For some, it whitethorn still be that the price of a Princeton education is to a fault high a cost to justify. However, weve only looked at 2 main sources of aid so far-off institutional and federal aid, which in Princetons case ar both need-based. That said, your student can supply the cost of college by applying for private intelligences with the assistant of their high school co unselor or by running(a) with a familiarity like . These scholarships, which be often merit-based, be administered by corporations and non-profit-making organizations and will deed over scholarships to students with high academic potential or extraordinary talent. You may even want to ask your employer if in that respect are scholarships uncommitted preciseally for the children of employees. iodin example of a nonprofit-hosted scholarship is the esteemed National moral excellence Scholarship . In order to qualify, your student must non only could rack up well on the PSAT lower the cost of attendance, but it can also overhaul them perform well on the SAT, which can open up other scholarship opportunities. Another function to run into when ascertain the affordability of a school is the areas cost of surviving and the local economy. sore Jersey, as a whole, has a higher cost of vivacious index than other states in the domain at 132.6, and Princetons cost of liv ing index is even higher at 217.8, meaning its nearly doubly as expensive to live in Princeton than it is in the fall in States in general. Princeton requires all students to live on-campus during their offset printing and second years of college, after which they may choose to drive off-campus. Many students choose to live on-campus all four years, but for the students who move off-campus they can expect to pay a grant to live in Princeton. Here are the average periodic takes for flat tires in PrincetonAlthough the rent may seem high, some students find it more inexpensive to live off-campus if they teardrop the cost with friends. For example, if we add Princetons room charge and residential fee and class it by 12, we find that students are compensable about $918 a month for on-campus ho development. If they rent a three-bedroom apartment and split it with two friends, they will pay about $808 a month. If your student top executive consider living off-campus, its co nsequential to have an sensible conversation about how this decision superpower impact the costs to your family. match to the scotch Policy comprise , the periodical borderline wage in New Jersey is currently $8.85. According to the Bureau of prod Statistics , the average hourly wage crossways all occupations is $20.43. Its difficult for students to draw out the cost of their education with a part-time job, especially if they are enrolled full-time and engage extracurricular activities on-campus. However, either little geek helps reduce the net cost to your family. When it comes to parcel your student mete out and apply for college, in that respect are so many factors to consider. along with affordability, youll want to consider the educational opportunities that schools like Princeton provide for students, and if the school makes sense for your students specific goals. Thats where can help. As a part of our College Applications Program, we help students figure out how to make any school more affordable using our Finances tool, which can show the ROI of varied schools and majors and help students identify scholarships to apply for. On average, our students earn about $83,000 in scholarships, which can truly help make their academic dreams a reality. Find out if working with our pecuniary Aid Tools is right for your family

Masters level program in leadership for non-profit organizations in Essay

Masters level program in leadership for non-profit organizations in Juniata College - Essay ExampleLeadership is a key issue and this creates a well-grounded prospect for the new course on leadership for non profit organizations to be launched by the university. In the present case the university would ingredient the target population on the basis of organization type and the hierarchical position of an individual within the organization. A demographic grocery segmentation strategy would be used to segment the entire market. Traits like job experience and position within an organization would be the chosen yardsticks for segmenting the total market population. Juniata University would target non profit organizations and specifically those individuals who atomic number 18 in a managerial position in the organization. Leadership training for individuals in decision making capacity in these organizations can help them to be better acquainted with business aspects that can help them propel their organizations to the next orbit. It would besides help in infusing greater professionalism in the company that would help them start out greater operational abilities. Leadership traits can also generate a good vision and long term planning that would help in generating agonistical advantage. The choice of the segment also assumes importance as the managerial level individuals would also have a good monetary compensation that would allow them to yield the training cost. Moreover the training for managerial level individuals would also add greater value proposition in their careers that can help them in ontogeny a good career path in the sector by improving their learning curve helping them achieve milestones in their professional careers. The University would also target proprietors of family owned non profit business houses so as to provide them the professional edge in running an organization.Targeting involves creating strategies that can help in capturing the me mbers of the market segment. Targeting involves crafting strategies that form the

Report on a professional meeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Report on a professional meeting - Essay ExampleIt is something that everyone, including those across the political spectrum would agree that the country faces growth crisis. No doubt Great British has one of the worlds worst building stock with7 million homes warped into abject poverty. For the past collar years just two million cavity walls were insulated. Kirsty Warle reiterated that even though enough efficiency willing save money up front some(prenominal) people, especially the younger generation were faced with financial constraints making hard for them to own homes, and thus are forced to live with parents because they cannot afford rent.Warle also tell that many Britons are nowadays increasingly worrying about(predicate) keeping their homes warn in the depth of winter more than they are concerned about climate protection. Many of these people find themselves in payment difficulties. The issue of fuel poverty has, glaringly, been overlooked, and there in no measure in c ome out that can supplement low-income households. The speaker also touched on the willingness of Green Deal Company that is looking forward to implementing a viable program that will be determined to help low-income-households with refurbishing solid cavity walls, once its approved by the government. Kirsty also reminded the audience in attendance that Institute of Sustainability old-timer Executive of East Thames Building Institution work has been tried. His work include flash program, which is primarily concerned with refurbishment of the future UCL, working closely with deliver chain contractors, suppliers and users, amid others. For the refurbishment of the future to be successfully effective, helping contractors through training them should be considered. The buying of upgraded houses, which could include council houses, could also assist to avoiding refurbishing backlog in the future.On the same length, low-income house holds worry a lot too much

Chinas Economy Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chinas Economy Today - Essay ExampleThe thesis statement must be succinctly identified and explicitly stated in the last sentence of the introductory paragraph (like for instance The purpose of the essay is, therefore, to describe Chinas economy today.) It is commendable that sub-headings were structured to clearly separate topics being discussed To answer the question on the roles of the state and non-state sectors, the author effectively explained the specific sectors, with the provision of relevant statistics prior to identifying the roles. However, under the sub-headings, further classifications could enhance lucidity of the issues being discussed (for example under Private Sector and Market Economy, there could be further classifications such as Definition of Terms, Historical Overview or Timeline, and Statistics, as appropriate) The facts and information, especially statistics were relevant and updated. The use of predominantly online sources focusing on publications and peri odicals could still be improved by searching for academic sources from peer-reviewed journals or even books. returns in citations and referencing could still be made by reviewing the consistency of the footnotes and numbering as well as in providing a Reference List at the end of the essay. The contents effectively addressed the chosen questions. The essay could still be improved by citing more academic sources, reviewing the consistency of citations and referencing, and in future(a) other formal rules in essay writing such as the use of acronyms, among others.

Modeling the Exchange Rate and Balance of Payments Essay

Modeling the Ex transmute Rate and Balance of Payments - Essay ExampleMany countries aim financial institutions, central banks, to invest in several monetary and financial systems and other resources in their quest to predict ex transfigure rate and determine internationalistic trade as well as a balance of payment. Several theories have been forwarded to determine the value of exchange rate and balance of payments, and in this summary, we result discuss the determinants of a balance of trade, the IS-LM-BP approach and the monetary approach in relation to the two (Melvin and Norrbin, 225).The elasticity approach to the balance of trade explains that the economic conduct involves satisfaction of the unlimited wants with limited resources. One effect of this is that consumers and business firms end up substituting the expensive good for the more affordable ones as prices change to stretch their budgets as far as they can. Relative prices normally change relative to demand and supply for individual goods. Such changes may be caused by an alteration in tastes, the method of production, government taxes, or subsidies amongst other possible causes. If the changes concern the prices of goods at home relative to the foreign goods, the international trade patterns may actually be altered. The elasticity approach to the balance of trade involves the way changing of relative prices of the domestic and foreign goods will affect and possibly change the balance of trade. Furthermore, it provides an analysis of how the issue of devaluation affects the balance of trade in relation to the elasticity of supply and demand for foreign exchange and foreign goods in the concerned market (Melvin and Norrbin 226).The devaluation of a countrys currency domestically normally raises the price of foreign goods in relation to the domestic goods within that country.

Auditing and Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Auditing and Accounting Ethics - Essay Examplelient.Loebbecke, A., (2000) mentioned that a self-review threat occurs when any product or judgment of a earlier presumption engagement or non- pledge engagement needs to be re-evaluated in reaching conclusions on the assurance engagement. When a component or member of the assurance team was previously a localizeor or officer of the assurance client or was an employee would be in a position to exert direct and solid influence over the subject matter of an assurance engagement. Examples of circumstances that whitethorn create this threat include, but atomic number 18 not limited to a member or member of the assurance team being, or having of late been, a member or member of the assurance team being, or having recently been, performing services for an assurance client that directly affect the subject matter of the assurance engagement.Mintz S. M. ... Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited t o dealing in, or being a promoter of, shares or other securities of an assurance client and acting as an advocate on behalf of an assurance client in litigation or in resolving disputes with third parties.Hayes, R., Dassen R., et al (2005) also noted that a familiarity threat occurs when, by law of a close relationship with an assurance client, its directors, officers or employees, a member, firm or member of the assurance team becomes too sympathetic to the clients interests. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include, but are not limited to a member or member of the assurance team having an immediate family member or close relative who is a director member of the assurance team having an immediate family member or close relative who, a former match of the firm being a director or officer of the assurance client or an employee in a position to exert direct and significant influence over the subject matter of the assurance engagement, and acceptance of gifts or hospitality, unless the value is clearly insignificant, from the assurance client, its directors, officers or employees.An intimidation threat occurs when a member or member of the assurance team may be deterred from acting objectively and exercising professional skepticisms by threats, actual or perceived, from the directors, officers or employees of an assurance client. Examples of circumstances that may create this threat include but are not limited to threat of replacement due to a disagreement with the covering of an accounting principle and pressure to reduce inappropriately the extent of work performed in order to

Philosophy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Philosophy - Assignment ExampleThen test the new forms by means of the five rules to determine validity.some(a) people who do not regret their crimes atomic number 18 convicted murderers, so some convicted murderers are people insusceptible of being reformed, since all people susceptible of being reformed are people who regret their crimes.1) All Peace Corps volunteers (PV) are people who have witnessed poverty and desolation (PD), and all people insensible to human need PI are people who have failed to witness poverty and desolation non-PD. Thus, all Peace Corps volunteers PV are people excellent to human need.non PI2) All aircraft that disintegrate AD in flight are un safe and sound planes non-SP. Therefore, no poorly maintained PA aircraft are safe planes SP, because all well-maintained aircraft non-PA are aircraft that remain intact in flight IF.3) No objects that sink OS in water are chunks of ice CI, and no objects that bodge non-OS in water are things at least as mute as water DW. Accordingly, all chunks of ice CI are things less dense than water non-DW.4) All schools driven by careerism SC are institutions that do not emphasize liberal IL arts. It follows that some universities UN are not institutions that emphasize liberal arts IL, for some schools that are not driven by careerism non-SC are universities UN.5) No cases of AIDS AD are infections easily curable by drugs ED, since all diseases that infect the brain DB are infections not easily curable by drugs non-ED , and all diseases that do not infect the brain non-DB are cases other than AIDS non-AD.Whenever suicide rates decline, we can infer that peoples lives are better adjusted. Accordingly, since suicide rates have been declining in late years, we can infer that peoples lives have been better adjusted in recent years.5) If marriage is based on a meshing of neuroses, it allows light room for growth. If a marriage allows little room for growth, it is bound to fail.

Flight Center Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

line of achievement Center - Essay ExampleAn agency seeks out rates from these suppliers which can be hotels, resorts, airline companies, motorcar rentals and the like, then consolidates it into one package packed with some sight-seeing tours to tourist attractions then sells it to the possible consumers. The Federation of Tour Operators (2006) views the role of travel agents as giving advises and sells bookings. This has continuously been the focus of outflow Centre, incorporating its aim to provide value-for-money travel and offer unbeatable affectionateness and experience, going the extra mile to ensure clients get the best trip at the best price (Superbrands 2010). As leakage Centres tag-line goes, unbeatable, if another travel provider would give a quotation of rates, Flight Centre will also give their own rate which would be hard to beat because of their price, quality, passion and extensive experience in the travel field. comely like any other business, Flight Centre started their venture eight years after Top-Deck, UK based bus company started its operation in 1973 they initially gained success because of providing cheap rates. In nine years time, Turner opened retail stores in United Kingdom, New Zealand and United States of America. Because of what was then a world-wide crisis, the disjunction War, the stores experienced temporary closure but was then reopened after a couple of years. The company also expanded its services to South Africa and Canada, which paved the way for it to conquer a world-wide market. The strength of business establishment outweighs the weaknesses and creates the reason why establishment weathers the changes in the needs and wants of the dynamic world of travel and tourism. As for Flight Centre, there are various aspects why they are experiencing the success envied by others. The company philosophy of volume of margin, the way they create their product with utmost passion and dedication, their well maintained reputati on of having an inclination of low-cost travel with value-for-money, their credentials which have been given recognitions and citations by other entities, the continuous pledge for corporate mixer governance of giving something back to the people, their ingenuity in their marketing campaigns, the way management supports its employees and the work atmosphere are among the countless reasons why they managed to stay on top. there are a lot of sources for a travel agencys income, from commissions, profit margins, incentives, and auxiliary services like documentations and visa processing. The first deuce are among the primary source of income. Flight Centre proved itself to be different than the rest the travellers volumes were their driving force to stay on top of all the travel providers in the business. The importance of the number of people they give their services over the profit that they will be making and then set foot a birth-mark for low-cost travel. They settle for more cus tomers at a lower cost than few customers for a high cost. The success of Flight Centre can be credited to the way the company does its products. They maintained a sense of focus doing what they do best without being too innovative. There are those who would like to set anew, and there are a few who would take advantage for what they know best, the exact philosophy evolving around this high-ranked company. Turner (2006) tell that,

Management issue Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management tell apart - Assignment ExampleMany organizations fail on this issue as they do not apply or rather use the appropriate solicitude strategies (Hopkins, 3).With the interconnectedness of factors in the market, finds in companies may crop up from any corner across the globe and cause uncertainty and volatility which in turn increase the pressure on managers. Moreover, the uncertainty increases the management fatality for specific and accurate data. This goes along with the need to ensure that every decision the management makes take into account several alternatives in related issues.Various factors deliver come to the forefront forcefully due to the ever changing nature of markets across the globe. These factors have a greater impact on risk management of businesses. To start with, operational risk is on top of this list. With the ever rising complexity in transactions, the worlds nature of every market and the contingent risks they represent is common for companies. Thus, comparing to the introductory years, a number of firms have an employment position for operational risk officers such positions never existed in previous years. Secondly, economic models are now on a focus. These have led to various questions that lack easy answers. For instance, given a capital challenges that resulted to a crisis in the organization, should the firm continue using the same proprietary model? Proper models or rather proper use of these models is at stake in many an(prenominal) organizations since they have an impact in the firms risk management. In addition, the corporate governance is an upcoming factor which is being focused by risk managers. These managers are currently involved in companies corporate governance and other discussions such as wages. In most cases, they are asked to give opinions on packages of compensation and if the incentives in these packages might height the companys profile. Lastly, the role of overall management in the modern compa nies is dramatically changing. The risk-related

Activity-Based Cost Reduction Information in Governance Coursework

Activity-Based Cost Reduction Information in Governance - Coursework ExampleThe dining table members are responsible for throttleting the arrangings goals and strategies to achieve them within the given period (Carver, 2011). This requires gameboard members to have full information concerning products and services they specialise to produce. The board members are responsible for budgeting for the resources the organization will require in the production of specific commodities. The information about resources required for the production process is all important(p) because the board is aware of exactly what to produce in terms of quality and number of units of each product they will produce (Firstenberg and Schoff, 2009). The information also relates to the quantify in which the board members expect to raise the required resources and when they will complete the production process. The board will be able to determine the area of the paucity of resources for the completion of t he production task for each activity or service and will decide whether to reduce the number of units to be produced for each commodity or whether to add more resources in order to produce the targeted quantity (Carver, 2011). Since charitable organizations aimed at meeting specific needs of the society, activity-based costing will help the board members to establish a base for mobilizing more resources from financiers of the organization to provide essential goods and services in the society. The work of auditors is to obtain proof of the efficiency in which organization has utilized its resources. The auditors use activity-based costing information set by the organizations board to make a comparison of what the board has actually produced in relation to what the board had planned to produce (Carver, 2011). The auditors will attest the value of each product or service in relation to the expenditure set by the board.

Phase 1 Individual Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Phase 1 Individual Project - Essay ExampleOn further appeal, the United States Supreme greet held the decision of the court of appeal and observed that an exculpatory deduction interrupts the due process of the law where the evidence in question can provide red-blooded ground to rule on the guilt or punishment of an offender (Batten, 2011). From this case, exculpatory evidence is evidence that can prove the innocence of a suspect. This evidence can implicate physical evidences that challenge the prosecution meetes or statement of witnesses that can prove the innocence or affect the punishment of the defendant.They can include evidence that gives the prosecution an opportunity to challenge the credibility of a prosecution witness such as an act of dishonesty by a witness in matters pertaining to the administration of justice in the particular case. From the case, it is evident that the prosecution has a duty to disclose all evidence it has in its possession to the defendant and i t has no obligation to search for exculpatory evidence. The United States Supreme concurs with this statement and argues that by following this process, the prosecutor follows the constitution and fulfills his/her duties of seeking justice.However, Justice Harlan gave a dissent opinion arguing that the due process of administration of justice should follow into the guilt phase because it was the responsibility of the jury to decide whether the defendant is guilty and accord punishment in the State of Maryland on issues pertaining to first degree murder.The rationale of the decision by the supreme court concerning this issue was on the accompaniment that it is unfair to mistreat the accused in the promise of administering justice and this is for the benefit of the society, and therefore it is unacceptable for a prosecutor to act as an architect of a proceeding that fails to uphold fair administration of justice (Cushman, 1994). In the case of

Bertrand Russell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bertrand Russell - Essay ExampleThere are people around the world who might actually think this way. They have no line of work regarding God, religion, and anything spiritual. They have no time for all this or they are merely not bothered to actually find out the demonstrate for Christianity. Thus, till soul has actually researched and looked into every aspect of the religion they displacenot just say there is no evidence for God. Like Hitchens said regarding God that there exists not a shred of respectable evidence (Stokes, 2012, p. 11). Besides this, the lack of evidence is to a fault an excuse for those not wanting to change their views. They just chose to believe something and therefore, they would not simply change because of some evidence they come across or are told of. They cannot be forced to believe. As Jesus said Seek and you will find, kick downstairs and the door shall be opened, ask and it will be given you. For he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it shall b e opened, and to him who asks it shall be given (Githaite, 2007, p. 211). It clearly means that God will be available to those who actually make an effort to seek him and look for him who try to find evidence regarding his existence. God does not force Himself upon us. However, He has not pull down left us to our own devices for us to work out our ways. God follows us and draws us to Himself. Jesus is quoted to have said No man can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him (Oxford University Press, 2006, p. 652). It is we who have to open up our headways and hearts to Him. God has given clues regarding his existence, he has given us a sound mind and heart and it is up to the human beings to look for them. God is visible to those who seek him while He hides away from the ones who do not. That is, the evidence is there for those who have eyeball to see (Kreeft, 1988, p. 44). When it is said that enough evidence does not exist to prove that there is a God, it does not defin itely mean that existence of God becomes a scientific fact rather, the present evidence just makes the Christian belief rational. Previously one major reason behind there being so many atheists was that the philosophers of those times were mostly atheists and they gave very solid arguments against God, gaining followers and making a huge impact. Now, however, the philosophers are theists and again their arguments are apparently very sensible and intellectual, thus they being outspoken Christians and the belief in God. There is just too much information and evidence of the existence of God. To start with there is the cock-a-hoop Bang Theory according to which the universe was created out of nothing. Big Bang led to not just the formation of this universe, matter and energy but also time and space. It just does not make any sense that anything at all can be created out of nothing it is just not come-at-able either scientifically or philosophically. That only leaves one idea that th ere is a very unchewable Higher Being who formed the universe and direct controls it. The Big Bang was caused by Him. In fact, the universe was not just formed but also maintained continuously and intelligently. There is scientific evidence to prove this fact. Stephen Hawking found that in case the universe had expanded less than even one part in a hundred kB million million a second after the Big Bang, the universe would have re-collapsed into a hot fireball. It is very obvious that a great and powerful mind is

World War II Through the 1970s Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

World War II Through the 1970s - Coursework precedentAdditionally, both led to significant developments in the American perspective like sympathy for the incoming president, as well as finding pride in their potent military. 2. The second World War was originally a European conflict. Americans were hesitant to become involved due to a variety of reasons that are discussed below, resulting in a high sense of tension when the country did enter formal battle after the Pearl Harbor attack (Schultz, 2009). The United States had become touch with Japanese conquests of the Pacific during the war, and this attack proved to be the tipping point for an official American declaration and entry into WWII. Of course, this eventually led to the dropping of the first atomic bombs, and the cessation of fighting at a tremendous cost of human life. These events helped to establish the US as a freedom fighting, militarily dominant worldwide force, and serve as a source of both pride and mourning in American culture. The clear racism displayed by the Nazis pushed American standards a bearing from preoccupation and toward tolerance, laying the ground for civil rights movements. WWII also served as an definitive revitalization point for many national industries as massive amounts of resources became of use. This economic boon would affect to fuel the American society for decades. JFK was an extremely popular president, displaying charisma in public (Grubbs, 2013), along with a staunch political opposition to communism. This was an especially important quality given the events of the Cold War, and the symbolism that Kennedy represented (freedom, capitalism, etc.) was attuned to the emerging American mindset. JFKs time as president was not without incident, as the Bay of Pigs proved to be an especially embarrassing mark on his career, but his successes are much more apparent. Some of Kennedys best work includes guiding the country through the Cuban Missile Crisis, and helping to grow the civil rights movement. In November of 1963, John F. Kennedy was assassinated during a motorcade through Dallas, Texas. The event has become so salient in the American consciousness, that it has spawned countless conspiracy theories, pieces of art, popular culture references, and a country-wide awareness of the former president that has also spread among other countries. Kennedy was replaced by a starkly separate figure in Lyndon Johnson, changing the course of US politics to focus on the economy and education, but remaining influenced by JFKs legacy. 3. As wars raged in the upstart 1930s, the United States sought to remain uninvolved in military affairs. The government was concerned with the aggressive actions like Germany, Italy, and Japan, but did not feel it was wise to bump the losses associated with armed combat that were still fresh in the mind from WWI and instead imposed harsh embargoes where appropriate. The depression had pushed the country towards isolation, and they sought to remain this way as economic rebuilding continued. Darker reasons for staying out of the war included a misguided American respect for Hitler, who had pulled Germany out of their own depression, and the uncertainty of public popular opinion about antisemitism. 4. Victory in WWII would not have been possible without the efforts of American women. The vast number of men called to war left an equally large shortfall in the national worker population. Women soon filled these positions as the government campaigned to sway employer attitudes toward hiring female workers, and women became determined to contribute (Capshew & Laszlo, 2010). The domestic economy

Case Study and Assignment (easy work) Research Paper

Case Study and Assignment (easy work) - Research Paper ExampleBy the end of 2011, the Kenyan cork had experienced a study fall from trading to a cost of 80.09 to 110.12 to the Dollar. This depreciation affected negatively on savings and investments. Kenyan people are concentrating on food stuffs more which were on the rise since man cannot live without food. However, Central Bank of Kenya tried to raise interest rank to tackle the devaluation of the Shilling and inflation. The governor was put on notice regarding the sharp fall of the currency but no critical answer was given by him.Kenya is to hold elections in 2012, so devaluation of the Shilling was at once and indirectly involved. Big fish in the political arena were assumed to best benefit from the high exchange rate by selling make the amount of dollars that one was possessing, thus campaign money availability to them. That is an indirect involvement. Central Bank reaction was a bit slow since they believed it was an exte rnal push back which was hitting the Shilling. Noticing that speculative effects were also coming in, and external sources were neither slowing down, it reacted by its governor stating that he was determined to see exchange rates being propelled by the market. Generally the Shillings confidence would be undermined if decisive action was to be taken against external forces. In regards to this, the exporters are the major beneficial of this misadventure while importers cry foul. Also the risk takers of foreign currency loans had a bad financial end year. Central Bank was indeed, able to control the Shilling due to its application of banking principles on top of its objectives.While banks form a major backbone to any country, the Central Bank is the overall boss. Incompetence communicate by some of the individuals who run them sees political interference, which indeed, is a major setback in the banking sector of any

The Power of One - Representation of the different groups Essay Example for Free

The Power of One Representation of the different groups EssayThe Power of One is a cinematic masterpiece which was based on the inspiring novel by Bryce Courtenay. Set in a world torn apart from racism where man subjugates his confrere country man and liberty remains evasive. The conductor, John G. Avildsen has utilized a range of filmic techniques to depict to malevolence of racial prejudice. The protagonist of this film, PK is an English boy who is increase in a society plagued with racism.In the beginning of this film, PKs is narrating some events of his life John. G starts the screenplay with PK saying, I was born with the songs of Zulu rainmakers in my ears. The first scene of the mental picture instantly lures the audiences attention with PKs adorable voice, blended with an indigenous African tune in the background. Furthermore the introduction of PKs stern skinned friend, who is sitting beside him and playing the ivory (white) and Ebony (black) keys on the piano is a strong dissimilarity witnessed by the audience.Despite no racial scenes argon presented in the beginning, it definitely sets the rest of the movie in pace with presenting one of the core themes of this novel, the power of one. Soon subsequently his mother becomes disheartened after an emotional collapse, PK is sent to a hell like Dutch boarding school. This is where John. G begins to develop the setting of racism. PKs voice is screen played to make the sympathy from the audience, as he is portrayed as fair and excluded by the other students. As soon as PK arrives at the boarding school, he is envelop by people who are racist and violent.This is exposed when the Dutch priest promotes hate against the British who dominated them during the invasion he says, the English drove us into this wilderness but we returned stronger than before, by spilling their blood across the land because this land is ours given to us entirely by almighty God. It is our responsibility to rise up, crusade out the English and put down the black. This definitely gives the audience the impression that the Dutch were violent, prejudiced, selfish and dangerous considering PK is the only English student. This depiction of the Dutch straightway achieves the audiences hate.In addition the cruelty of the Dutch is exaggerated when Jobbie Botha, a senior student is shown to puzzle a tattoo of the swastika on his arm which informs the views that he was supportive of Hitlers actions. This technique was used by John to develop the psychopath characteristics of the main antagonist. PK is continuously portrayed as naive and defenseless when he is tortured in pitiful ways by Jobbie Botha. Some of these torture techniques exemplified by Botha include urinating and spiting on PK. Other torments include cleansing PKs chicken and hanging PK upside down and pelting him with stones using a sling shot.PK is also informed about his mothers destruction in a ruthless way. All these factors contribute to viewers feeling extremely sad and disappointed whilst increasing the compassion for PK. On the other hand, the viewers are made to dislike the Dutch even more. As PK evolves from a young boy to a young man, he is portrayed to fuddle sizeable characteristics. The fine structure of this film increases the compassion that audiences have towards PK as this development occurs. PK also meets two people in his life, Geel Piet (dark skinned) and Doc (White skinned).These two men have positive influences on PK as they help him develop physically and mentally. This is depicted when Geel Piet tells PK, Little can beat big when little is smart. First with the head and thusly with the heart. Doc tells PK that, Any question you ever have, the answer you will find in Nature if you know where to look, and how to ask and then you will have for yourself all the brains that have ever been. Another important message PK receives from Doc is that, a rainfall starts with a single drop. Hence, this mes sage relates back to the call and which is one of the core messages.Even though the handler has portrayed the Dutch as the antagonist through the film, he is also successful in communicate the audience that not all the Dutch were coldblooded extremist. The victims, the African natives are shown to be treated mercilessly by the Dutch. The natives are forced live in their townsfolk and are required to have a special permit which allows them to live there. The Africans are shown to be working in scorching conditions in a colly environment with supervision by Africana officials. The natives called, Kaffir and humiliated in many ways. One incident is when Geel Piet is made to eat manure off a shags shoe.Immediately, the viewer is made to feel sad and have sympathy for Geel piet swell as hate the Dutch for their attitude towards the natives. Consequently, some of the natives are shown to be positive and enthusiastic people who want to make a difference for the future generations, a depiction of this is when the natives attend PKs English classes every night. In this scene, the director once again brings satisfaction and respect for the white as PK is shown to the teacher. This gives the audience the impression that, the natives had a lot of respect for the English as well as their culture.An example of this is shown when the three different groups attend Marias funeral. However, it doesnt end in a positive note as Marias father retaliates by confronting PK with a shovel, failing to release that his hatred and intolerance had his daughter killed. To conclude, the director uses a special selection of filmic techniques to present its central discourse. The director is also successful is displaying multiple messages. Furthermore, the film captures the audience through the personality of characters and their emotions which definitely involves the viewers ethics and feelings.

Funnist Incident in Classroom Essay Example for Free

Funnist Incident in Classroom EssayAlright so it was an ordinary day at school, and I was going to my locker in between fifth and sixth hour for the school-wide locker clean-out. I didnt have overmuch to clean, I just emptied my locker of a few homework assignments that seemed to be hiding in the back. So I was done cleaning and I went to my sixth hour class, which really isnt much of a class as it is independent study. Its just me and these two kids from New Delhi who are in seventh grade and take pre-calculus. Well, the room I go to for sixth hour is a science room, so there are a few preventative apparatuses to use, just in case There is an midsection wash station if you get chemicals in your eye and a ventilation wood if youre working with things that give off fumes. The last safety device is the safety shower, which is nothing more than a slight depression in the floor where there is a drain, a showerhead overhead, and this metal rod thing that you pull which releases an ample gush of water.I think you use it if your clothes get on fire or if you accidentally spill chemicals on yourself. Anyhow, I was walking some the room, reading some science comics that were plastered to the wall. Well, I happened to slip on a rogue piece of cardboard that was lying on the floor, and I was turn out of control right towards the safety shower. I had no other choice, and plus I was a bit disoriented because I was spinning, so I grabbed on to the metal rod to stop myself from falling and WOOOOOSH A hundred gallons of cold water come down all over meIm standing their plunge wet, not knowing what to do, and finally the teacher walks into the room and nearly drops his coffee. I was sent to the nurse and she gave me a big towel to wrap myself in. The nurse called my mum to let her know what happened, and she picked me up from school about twenty minutes later. The worst part wasnt me getting wet, oh no. When I activated the safety shower, the gate to the classroom was open, and you could see me directly from the doorway There was a whole crowd of people outside the adjacent classroom, and they started laughing I was so broken

Biographical Analysis of the Crucible Essay Example for Free

Biographical Analysis of the melting pot EssayWhat lies deep down in the Crucible characters that not everyone git see? The former husband of Marilyn Monroe managed to keep one aspect of his life private from the media for over four decades. Was it because of shame, selfishness, or fear? The Crucible is based on the Salem Witch Trials of 1692. Miller has read totally about the Witch Trials, but has neer really understood it until he read the book print by Charles W. Upham, the mayor of Salem at that m (Why I Wrote The Crucible). He knew right away that he had to write about that time period. Even though the acquire provides an accurate representation of the trials, the truth lies in Arthur Millers past history.Pursuing this further, Arthur Miller has hidden a life-long cloistered that recently has come out. When his son, Daniel was born, Miller was very happy, but immediately knew something was wrong. The doctors had diagnosed the baby with Down syndrome. He was the son o f Millers third wife, Inge Morath. Miller said. Im going to buzz off to put the baby away, but Inge wanted to keep him (Arthur Millers Missing Act). Within age the baby was gone. They sent him to one of the Connecticut institutions for the mentally retarded. Inge went to see him every day, but Arthur never wanted to set eyes on him. Afterwards, nothing was mentioned of Daniel. He was cut out from Millers life. Was it because of selfishness, or fear that the world result know?His personal story seems to contradict his theme in The Crucible. through the character Abigail Williams, we can see that people are willing to give up and abandon their connection with their own values in order to value themselves. Just as Abigail hid the fact that she had an affair with lavatory Proctor, Arthur Miller has hidden the fact that he also had a brief affair with Marilyn Monroe.Abigail William is the girl who leads this play into disaster. She is most responsible for the meeting in the woods a nd when Paris finds out, she tries to conceal it as fast as possible, because if she reveals that she has cast a spell on Elizabeth, it will reveal the affair she had with Elizabethshusband, ass Proctor. To protect herself from future punishment that may come, she starts to accuse others of witchcraft. By telling lies, that is how she manipulates the whole town into believing that she is straightforward (Miller 114-115). Abigail is independent and she knows that nothing is out of her grasp. Once she finds herself attracted to Proctor, she wont suppress her desires that she wants him. However many times she reviews her memories, the more she is sure that she is the ideal wife for John. The only when thing in the way is Elizabeth.Declaring witchcraft among the majority will keep the secret out of reach. She uses this to create fear and intimidation among the townsmen people. The only reason her wicked dwarfish plan is working is that the girls have got her back. She has threatene d them with violence if they refuse to do as she says. Now look you. All of you. We danced. And Tituba conjured Ruth Putnams deathly sisters. And that is all. And mark this. Let either of you breathe a word, or the edge of a word, about the other things, and I will come to you in the low-spirited of some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you. And I can make you wish you had never seen the sun go down (Miller 20). In order to get Proctor, she must eliminate Elizabeth and choose her individuals she will accuse wisely. She thinks nothing of the fact that the individuals will be hanged based upon her accusation. When she sees her plan failing, she will react the same by not showing any signs of fear. She has condemned Proctor to hang and flees right away from the town, leaving all the action well behind.John Proctor is the protagonist of the play, while Abigail is the antagonist. One of his flaws is his temper. Proctor leads to shouting and even phys ical violence. There are occasions in the play where he threatens to whip his wife, servant, and even his ex-mistress, Abigail. He was the average good man, who owned a farm and was respected by everyone he knew. He had trinity children a good wife to raise a family with and all was well until Abigail came into his life. At first Abigail was the housekeeper, who has quietly come into the life of Proctor. He must have been tempted by her fiery character, which he cannot resist. This affair only happened, because at that time Elizabeth was sick, which allowed Abigail to make herfirst move. John may have also been attracted to Abigails personality shown in Act 1. She tells John that the witchcraft isnt true and that the girls were just having a party with Tituba. PROCTOR, his smile widening Ah, youre wicked arent y Youll be clapped in the stocks before youre twenty (Miller 22). From this line we can conclude that Proctor is charmed by Abigails naughty tricks.The temper of John Proctor ties into the anger of Arthur Miller towards the McCarthy hearings. The Crucible relates to the McCarthy hearings, because Arthur Miller claimed to have written The Crucible to criticize the theme, while many people saw the resemblance in the midst of the Salem Witch Trials and the McCarthy Hearings. Just like McCarthy, the people of Salem were not interested in facts instead, they took their hatred towards the people of their community. Miller himself was brought to the House of Un-American Activities delegation and was falsely accused of Communism. (Fear as Governance Arthur Miller The Crucible as Contemporary Reflection).For the first two acts we see John doing little effect to the play. However, when Act 3 comes into play, he is there to protect his wife. He has three weapons that he can use against the court. First is Abigails admission that there was no witchcraft, proof from Mary Warren that the girls were faking, and the fact that he had an affair with Abigail. All this d eclines in the favor of Abigail. He only ends up ruining his seduce and getting himself condemned for witchcraft.The only way to save him from universe hanged is by admitting that he is with the Devil and that he justifies that he was a bad person anyway. Horror struck when asked to sign his name. By signing his name he believed he will be signing his soul away. Even though, he is so close to being free once again, he refuses to sign his name. He says, I do think I see some shred of goodness in John Proctor. Not enough to weave a banner with, but white enough to keep it from such dogs. (Miller 144).At first we may believe that The Crucible is just a story about witch trials that took place in Salem, but by paying a greater attention to theminor details we can understand that the book has another meaning to it. Every detail can be connected to Arthurs personal life.

Viable Cell Counting In Yeast Suspension Biology Essay

Viable Cell Counting In Yeast Suspension Biology raiseThe aim of this experiment was to estimate the number of viable cells in a barm breakout that was already provided. Estimations of the viable yeast cells were taken via two methods of metal plating pour plating and spread plating, of which hot agar was used with the pour plate technique. The results that were obtained for this experiment show that overall the spread plate method gives a high yield of viable yeast cells compared to the arrive count value of 2.8 x 107.This experiment was conducted to estimate the number of viable cells in a yeast suspension, already provided. The definition of a viable cell, as stated in the Collins English Dictionary, 2008, p991 is capable of growth. Therefore, the definition of a viable yeast cell is a yeast cell capable of living and being able to grow.In industrial and research settings, on that point is a need to set the microbe content of microbial products. The method for doing this va ries for different types of microbes. Traditionally, the first microbes to be used commercially were bacteria and yeasts. These are typically single-celled species that can be grown in natural and artificial media, and are well-suited to growth in agar gels on Petri plates. Using this method, individual cells or clumps of cells will form distinct colonies, which become visible to the naked eye as the colonization grows. Counting the number of colonies provides a direct way to track the reliable number of discrete microbial units. A count determined this way been dubbed the number of Colony-Forming Units or CFU for short. CFUs are only applicable to single-celled microbes that can be grown on nutrient media, such as bacteria, yeasts, or spore-forming moulds.As the total count for the number of yeast cells was so vast (2.8 x 107) dilutions were made in order for a characteristic estimate of the total count of yeast cells to be made. Having diluted the sample enabled the human eye t o count an estimate of the yeast cells. If dilutions had not been carried out, the sample of yeast cells would have been far too large and it would have been extremely time consuming and impossible to count the number of yeast cells.A haemocytometer enables for an estimate of the total number of yeast cells present. It has a known volume of chamber and area which is etched on the glass. A cell suspension is able to be above the known area. The chamber is then filled with a yeast suspension then covered with a cover slip. An ordinary number of microbes can then be counted in the ruled area to give the number of yeast cells per cm.The aim of this experiment was essentially, to estimate the total number of yeast cells in a culture and to estimate the number of living (viable) yeast cells.Materials and MethodsThe total count of the yeast cells originally estimated by the haemocytometer was 3.8 x 107, however, it was later concluded that this was incorrect due to a mix up from another c lass. The new result for the estimated total count of the yeast cells was 2.8 x 107. This number was clearly too large and a series of ten fold dilutions were carried out in order to make it easier to estimate and inquire the viable yeast cells. A series of ten fold dilutions were needed as this is an important technique in identifying the viable cells. As a figure out of 2.8 x 107 was established and it is vital that the number of colonies attained remains within the range of 30-ccc. So the dilution for a range of 30 300 is 1/100 (10-2), however, it is essential that further dilutions, both above and below 1/100 are used 1/10 (10-1) and 1/ railway yard (10-3). To make the estimation more accurate, dilutions of 10-4, 10-5 and 10-6 were also used for both pour and spread plates.For full method, please refer to submission to biology, microbiology and pharmacology practical booklet, pp 13-14.ResultsThe results obtained for the pour plate and spread plate methods were as follow10-110 -210-310-410-510-6 displace plate (ml)TNTCTNTCTNTCTNTC838Spread plate (ml)TNTCTNTCTNTC100101KeyTNTC Too numerous to countTo determine the number of colony forming units (CFU) cm-3 this calculation was usedCounts on plate x (1/dilution) x (1/volume inoculated (ml))The calculations that were carried in order to determine the number of colony forming units (CFU) cm-3 of the original culture for the pour plate and spread plate are shown belowCalculations for pour plate method83 x 1/10-5 a 1/1 = 8.3 x 106 CFU, mlCalculations for spread plate method100 x 1/10-4 x 1/0.1 = 1.0 x 107 CFU, mlThe volumes inoculated for the pour and spread plate were different, the pour plate was inoculated with 1.0cm-3 and the spread plate with 0.1micrometer.DiscussionThe table in the results sections shows that the value of the colonies that were counted for all(prenominal) of the plating techniques show good continuation, especially with the spread plate as the figures are increasing by a factor of ten fo r each one time.The figure obtained for the total count was 2.8 x 107, comparing this to the figure calculated for the pour plate method, 8.3 x 106 CFU, ml there has been a loss in the number of viable cells using this method, there has been a decrease of 1.97 x 107 of viable yeast cells. comparing the total count value to the spread plate figure of 1.0 x 107 there was also a loss of viable yeast cells, with a loss of 1.8 x 107. This decrease in viable yeast cells compared to the pour plate loss is lower.The hot agar used in the pour plate technique may injure or kill sensitive cells thus spread plates sometimes give higher counts than pour plates.(p 130, Microbiology, seventh Edition, Joanne M. Willey et al)The above statement backs up the results of the experiment, as the spread plate technique has given a considerable higher count of viable yeast cells. new(prenominal) factors that may have resulted in the smaller number of viable yeast cells in the pour plate method could hav e been that there is a practically higher likelihood that clumps of the colonies may have formed together in portions of the plate, making it much more difficult to count. This occurs less in spread plating, as the clumps are broken up, and therefore there is a better distribution of the cells.Other factors that may have affected the results obtained for this experiment were the techniques used for the serial dilutions. With each sequential serial dilution step, there may have been transfer inaccuracies that lead to less accurate and less precise dispensing. This meant that the highest dilutions had the highest number of inaccuracies.Also, after every inoculation, the dilution mustiness be thoroughly mixed this was not carried during any of the dilutions, so this may have also affected the number of viable yeast cells.Finally, when doing viable counts, the higher dilution is, the more error is found in estimating the count of the original volume. For example, there were 10 colonie s growing on the 10-5 spread plate, and it was estimated that there were approximately 500000 colonies in the original suspension, but this was only an estimation to the hand-to-hand hundred thousand. Likewise, with higher dilutions, such as the 106 on the pour plate, it was only estimated to the closest million.There were some limitations to the experiment, which may have altered the results slightly. Not having much experience in using the Gilson pipettes may have had an impact on the truth of the pipetting that was done during the serial dilutions.